Paul j crutzen biography of william

Abbatt, J. P. D. and Ravishankara, A. R.: Opinion: Atmospheric multiphase chemistry – past, present, and future, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9765–9785, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9765-2023, 2023. a

Aleksandrov, V. V. and Stenchikov, G. L.: On the modeling of the climatic consequences of the nuclear war, in: Proc. Applied Math., Computing Centre, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, p. 21, http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/AleksandrovStenchikov.pdf (last access: 14 December 2023), 1983. a, b

Benner, S., Lax, G., Crutzen, P. J., Pöschl, U., Lelieveld, J., and Brauch, H. G. (Eds.): Paul J. Crutzen and the Anthropocene: A New Epoch in Earth's History, Springer, ISBN 978-3-030-82202-6, 2021. a, b, c

Birks, J. W. and Crutzen, P. J.: Atmospheric effects of a nuclear war, in: Vol. 19, Chemistry in Britain, Royal Society of Chemistry, 927–930, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236687587_Atmospheric_Effects_of_a_Nuclear_War (last access: 14 December 2023), 1983. a, b

Carslaw, K. S., Brimblecombe, P., and Clegg, S. L.: Calculated partitioning of hydrogen chloride and nitric acid into stratospheric aqueous sulphuric acid aerosols, EOS, 74, 149, 1993. a

Carslaw, K. S., Luo, B. P., Clegg, S. L., Peter, T., Brimblecombe, P., and Crutzen, P. J.: Stratospheric aerosol growth and HNO₃ gas phase depletion from coupled HNO₃ and water uptake by liquid particles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 2479–2482, https://doi.org/10.1029/94GL02799, 1994. a

Chameides, W. and Walker, J.: A photochemical theory of tropospheric ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 78, 8751–8760, https://doi.org/10.1029/JC078i036p08751, 1973. a

Chapman, S.: A theory of upper atmospheric ozone, Mem. Roy. Soc., 3, 103–109, 1930. a

Covey, C., Thompson, S., and Schneider, S. H.: Global atmospheric effects of massive smoke injections from a nuclear war: Results from general circulation model simulations, Nature, 308, 21–25, 1984. a, b

Crutzen, P. and Ehhalt, D.: Effects of nitrogen fertilizers and combustion on the stratospheric ozone layer, Ambio, 6, 112–117, 1977. a, b

Crutzen, P. J.: The influence of nitrogen oxides on the atmospheric ozone content, Q. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 96, 320–325, 1970. a, b

Crutzen, P. J.: SSTs – a threat to the earth's ozone shield, Ambio, 1, 41–51, 1972. a

Crutzen, P. J.: A discussion of the chemistry of some minor constituents in the stratosphere and troposphere, Pure Appl. Geophys., 106–108, 1385–1399, 1973. a

Crutzen, P. J.: Estimates of possible future ozone reductions from continued use of fluro-chloro-methanes (CF₂Cl₂, CFCl₃), Geophys. Res. Lett., 1, 205–208, 1974a. a

Crutzen, P. J.: Photochemical reactions initiated by and influencing ozone in unpolluted tropospheric air, Tellus, 26, 48–57, 1974b. a

Crutzen, P. J.: The possible importance of CSO for the sulfate layer of the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 3, 73–76, https://doi.org/10.1029/GL003i002p00073, 1976. a

Crutzen, P. J.: My Life with O₃, NO_x and other YZO_x compounds, Angew. Chem. Intern. Ed., 35, 1747–1871, 1996.  a, b, c, d

Crutzen, P. J.: Geology of Mankind, Nature, 415, 23, https://doi.org/10.1038/415023a, 2002. a, b

Crutzen, P. J.: Albedo enhancements by stratospheric sulfur injections: a contribution to resolve a policy dilemma? An Editorial Essay, Climatic Change, 77, 211–219, 2006. a

Crutzen, P. J. and Andreae, M. O.: Biomass burning in the tropics – Impact on atmospheric chemistry and biogeochemical cycles, Science, 250, 1669–1678, 1990. a

Crutzen, P. J. and Arnold, F.: Nitric acid cloud formation in the cold Antarctic stratosphere: A major cause for the springtime `ozone hole', Nature, 342, 651–655, 1986. a

Crutzen, P. J. and Birks, J. W.: The atmosphere after a nuclear war: Twilight at Noon, Ambio, 2–3, 114–125, 1982. a, b

Crutzen, P. J. and Müller, M. (Eds.): Das Anthropozän, Oekom, ISBN 978-3-96238-137-0, 2019. a, b

Crutzen, P. J. and Steffen, W.: How long have we been in the Anthropocene era? An Editorial Comment, Climatic Change, 61, 251–257, 2003. a, b

Crutzen, P. J. and Zimmermann, P. H.: The changing photochemistry of the troposphere, Tellus, 43, 136–151, https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v43i4.15403, 1991. a

Crutzen, P. J., Heidt, L. E., Krasnec, J. P., Pollock, W. H., and Seiler, W.: Biomass burning as a source of atmospheric gases CO, H₂, N₂O, NO, CH₃Cl and COS, Nature, 282, 253–256, 1979. a

Crutzen, P. J., Grooß, J.-U., Brühl, C., Müller, R., and Russell III, J. M.: A Reevaluation of the ozone budget with HALOE UARS data: No evidence for the ozone deficit, Science, 268, 705–708, 1995. a

Dingwell, D., Crutzen, P., Richter, A., Pöschl, U., and Rasmussen, M.: A short History of Interactive Open Access Publishing, Copernicus Publications, ISBN 978-3-942169-03-5, https://www.copernicus.org/A_short_History_of_Interactive_Open_Access_Publishing.pdf (last access: 14 December 2023), 2011. a, b

Ehhalt, D. H. and Ridley, B. A.: Editorial, J. Atmos. Chem., 23, 1–3, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00058701, 1996. a

Ellis, E., Maslin, M., Boivin, N., and Bauer, A.: Involve social scientists in defining the Anthropocene, Nature, 540, 192–193, 2016. a

Ervens, B., Carslaw, K., Koop, T., and Pöschl, U.: Two decades of successful community-based scientific discourse and transparent quality assurance by interactive open access publishing in the European Geosciences Union (EGU), Atmos. Chem. Phys., in preparation, 2023. a, b, c

Farman, J. C., Gardiner, B. G., and Shanklin, J. D.: Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClO_x/NO_x interaction, Nature, 315, 207–210, https://doi.org/10.1038/315207a0, 1985. a

Fishman, J. and Crutzen, P.: The origin of ozone in the troposphere, Nature, 274, 855–858, https://doi.org/10.1038/274855a0, 1978. a, b

Fishman, J., Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., and Liu, S. C.: Tropospheric ozone and climate, Nature, 282, 818–820, 1979a. a

Fishman, J., Solomon, S., and Crutzen, P. J.: Observational and theoretical evidence in support of a significant in situ photochemical source of tropospheric ozone, Tellus, 31, 432–446, 1979b. a, b

Fishman, J., Birks, J. W., Graedel, T. E., Steffen, W., Burrows, J. P., Howard, C. J., and Wayne, R. P.: A Tribute to Paul Crutzen (1933–2021): The Pioneering Atmospheric Chemist Who Provided New Insight into the Concept of Climate Change, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 104, E77–E95, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0311.1, 2023. a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h

Grooß, J.-U., Müller, R., Becker, G., McKenna, D. S., and Crutzen, P. J.: The upper stratospheric ozone budget: An update of calculations based on HALOE data, J. Atmos. Chem., 34, 171–183, 1999. a

Johnston, H.: Reduction of stratospheric ozone by nitrogen oxide catalysts from supersonic transport exhaust, Science, 173, 517–522, 1971. a

Kirner, O., Müller, R., Ruhnke, R., and Fischer, H.: Contribution of liquid, NAT and ice particles to chlorine activation and ozone depletion in Antarctic winter and spring, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 2019–2030, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2019-2015, 2015. a

Koop, T., Biermann, U. M., Raber, W., Luo, B. P., Crutzen, P. J., and Peter, T.: Do stratospheric aerosol droplets freeze above the ice frost point?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 917–920, https://doi.org/10.1029/95GL00814, 1995. a

Lax, G.: From atmospheric chemistry to earth system science, GNT Verlag, Diepholz-Berlin, 174 pp., ISBN 978-3-86225-112-4, 2018. a

Lelieveld, J.: Paul J. Crutzen (1933–2021), Nature, 591, 29, https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-00479-0, 2021. a

Lelieveld, J., Crutzen, P. J., Ramanathan, V., Andreae, M. O., Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., Campos, T., Cass, G. R., Dickerson, R. R., Fischer, H., de Gouw, J. A., Hansel, A., Jefferson, A., Kley, D., de Laat, A. T. J., Lal, S., Lawrence, M. G., Lobert, J. M., Mayol-Bracero, O. L., Mitra, A. P., Novakov, T., Oltmans, S. J., Prather, K. A., Reiner, T., Rodhe, H., Scheeren, H. A., Sikka, D., and Williams, J.: The Indian Ocean Experiment: Widespread Air Pollution from South to Southeast Asia, Science, 291, 1031–1036, 2001. a

Levy, H.: Normal atmosphere: Large radical and formaldehyde concentrations predicted, Science, 173, 141–143, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.173.3992.141, 1971. a

Luciano, E.: Is `Anthropocene' a suitable chronostratigraphic term?, Anthr. Sci., 1, 29–41, https://doi.org/10.1007/s44177-022-00011-7, 2022. a

Luo, B., Peter, T., and Crutzen, P. J.: Freezing of stratospheric aerosol droplets, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1447–1450, https://doi.org/10.1029/93GL03076, 1994. a, b

Meilinger, S. K., Koop, T., Luo, B. P., Huthwelker, T., Carslaw, K. S., Krieger, U., Crutzen, P. J., and Peter, T.: Size-dependent stratospheric droplet composition in Lee wave temperature fluctuations and their potential role in PSC freezing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 3031–3034, https://doi.org/10.1029/95GL03056, 1995. a

Molina, L. T. and Molina, M. J.: Production of Cl₂O₂ from the self-reaction of the ClO radical, J. Phys. Chem., 91, 433–436, 1987. a

Molina, M. J. and Rowland, F. S.: Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: chlorine atom-catalysed destruction of ozone, Nature, 249, 810–812, 1974. a, b, c

Möllers, N., Schwägerl, C., and Trischler, H. (Eds.): Willkommen im Anthropozän, Deutsches Museum Verlag, ISBN 978-3-940396-48-8, 2015. a

Moortgat, G. K., Burrows, J. P., and Lammel, G.: Paul J. Crutzen (1933–2021), Nachrichten aus der Chemie, 69, 83, 2021. a

Müller, R.: The impact of the rise in atmospheric nitrous oxide on stratospheric ozone, Ambio, 50, 42–46, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-020-01428-3, 2021. a

Müller, R.: Paul Jozef Crutzen. 3 December 1933–28 January 2021, Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society, 73, 127–156, https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2022.0011, 2022. a, b, c, d, e, f

Nicovich, J. M. and Ravishankara, A. R.: A study of the reaction of O(³P) with ethylene, Nineteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion/The Combustion Institute, Vol. 19, 23–30, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0082-0784(82)80174-4, 1982. a

Portmann, R. W., Daniel, J. S., and Ravishankara, A. R.: Stratospheric ozone depletion due to nitrous oxide: influences of other gases, Philos. T. Roy. Soc. B, 367, 1256–1264, https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0377, 2012. a

Pöschl, U.: Interactive journal concept for improved scientific publishing and quality assurance, Learned Publishing, 17, 105–113, https://doi.org/10.1087/095315104322958481, 2004. a

Pöschl, U.: Multi-Stage Open Peer Review: Scientific Evaluation Integrating the Strengths of Traditional Peer Review with the Virtues of Transparency and Self-Regulation, Front. Comput. Neurosci., 6, 33, https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2012.00033, 2012. a, b, c, d

Ramanathan, V., Crutzen, P. J., Kiehl, J. T., and Rosenfeld, D.: Aerosols, Climate, and the Hydrological Cycle, Science, 294, 2119–2124, 2001. a

Robock, A.: Snow and ice feedbacks prolong effects of nuclear winter, Nature, 310, 667–670, 1984. a, b

Robock, A., Xia, L., Harrison, C. S., Coupe, J., Toon, O. B., and Bardeen, C. G.: Opinion: How fear of nuclear winter has helped save the world, so far, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 6691–6701, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-6691-2023, 2023. a, b

Rodhe, H.: Paul Crutzen 1933–2021, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm, https://www.su.se/cmlink/stockholms-universitet-naturvetenskapliga-fakulteten/meteorologiska-institutionen-nod/meteorologiska-institutionen/till-minne-paul-crutzen-1.548258 (last access: 14 December 2023), 2021. a

Solomon, S.: Stratospheric ozone depletion: A review of concepts and history, Rev. Geophys., 37, 275–316, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999RG900008, 1999. a

Solomon, S.: Paul J. Crutzen (1933–2021), Science, 371, 892, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh0217, 2021. a

Solomon, S., Garcia, R. R., Rowland, F. S., and Wuebbles, D. J.: On the depletion of Antarctic ozone, Nature, 321, 755–758, 1986. a

Steffen, W., Crutzen, P. J., and McNeill, J. R.: The Anthropocene: Are humans now overwhelming the great forces of nature?, Ambio, 36, 614–621, https://doi.org/10.1579/0044-7447(2007)36[614:TAAHNO]2.0.CO;2, 2007. a

Tabazadeh, A., Turco, R. P., Drdla, K., Jacobson, M. Z., and Toon, O. B.: A study of type I polar stratospheric cloud formation, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 1619–1622, 1994. a

Turco, R. P., Toon, O. B., Ackerman, T. P., Pollack, J. B., and Sagan, C.: Nuclear winter: Global consequences of multiple nuclear explosions, Science, 222, 1283–1292, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.222.4630.1283, 1983. a, b

Visioni, D., Kravitz, B., Robock, A., Tilmes, S., Haywood, J., Boucher, O., Lawrence, M., Irvine, P., Niemeier, U., Xia, L., Chiodo, G., Lennard, C., Watanabe, S., Moore, J. C., and Muri, H.: Opinion: The scientific and community-building roles of the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) – past, present, and future, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 5149–5176, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5149-2023, 2023. a

Whitten, R., Borucki, W., and Turco, R.: Possible ozone depletions following nuclear explosions, Nature, 257, 38–39, https://doi.org/10.1038/257038a0, 1975. a

Zalasiewicz, J., Waters, C., and Head, M. J.: Anthropocene: its stratigraphic basis, Nature, 541, 289, https://doi.org/10.1038/541289b, 2017. a

Zalasiewicz, J., Waters, C., and Steffen, W.: Remembering the extraordinary scientist Paul Crutzen (1933–2021), Sci. Am., https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/remembering-the-extraordinary-scientist-paul-crutzen-1933 (last access: 14 December 2023), 2021.  a

Zetzsch, C.: Paul Crutzen: 1933–2021, Toxicol. Environ. Chem., 103, 238–243, https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2021.1941022, 2021. a